Table of Contents
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||
1
|
Executive Summary
|
11
|
1.1.
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Part 1: Common Section Executive Summary
|
11
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1.1.1.
|
Market Segment Analysis
|
11
|
1.1.1.1.
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Technologies in Competition with Mobile Projectors
|
12
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1.1.1.2.
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Developments Likely to Affect the Pico/Micro/Hybrid Market
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13
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1.1.2.
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Pico/Micro/Hybrid Projector Human Factors Analysis
|
14
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1.1.2.1.
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Achievable Image Size
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14
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1.1.2.2.
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Laser Safety
|
16
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1.1.3.
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Enabling Technology
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16
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1.1.3.1.
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Technology Combinations
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16
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1.1.3.2.
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Light Sources and System Efficiency
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17
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1.1.3.3.
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Power and Battery Technology
|
18
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1.2.
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Part 2: Microprojector Executive Summary
|
18
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1.2.1.
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Technology for Microprojectors
|
18
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1.2.2.
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Markets and User Feedback for Microprojectors
|
19
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1.2.3.
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Technologies Competitive with Microprojectors
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21
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1.2.4.
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Microprojector Forecasts
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22
|
2
|
Introduction & Methodology
|
24
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Part 1: Common Section
|
26
|
|
3
|
Market Segment Analysis
|
27
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3.1.
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What are Pico and Micro Projectors?
|
27
|
3.2.
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A Brief History of Pico/Micro/Hybrid Projectors
|
29
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3.3.
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Market Data Uncertainty
|
34
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3.4.
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Pico/Micro Projector Use Models
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35
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3.4.1.
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Picoprojector Use Models
|
36
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3.4.2.
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Microprojector Use Models
|
37
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3.4.3.
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Hybrid Projector Use Models
|
37
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3.5.
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Market Segments for Pico- and Micro- Projectors
|
37
|
3.6.
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Market Trends Through 2016
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40
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3.6.1.
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Market Pull vs. Technology Push
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40
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3.6.2.
|
Lumen Output Increases
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41
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3.6.3.
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Supply Chain Consolidation
|
42
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3.6.4.
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Focused Designs
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43
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3.7.
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Milestone Roadmap
|
44
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3.8.
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Technologies In Competition with Mobile Projectors
|
50
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3.8.1.
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Low-cost Mainstream Projectors
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54
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3.8.2.
|
Direct-View LCD and OLED Mobile Displays
|
56
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3.8.3.
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e-Paper including Rollable and Foldable Displays
|
58
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3.8.4.
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Transflective Displays
|
61
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3.8.5.
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Head Mounted Displays
|
63
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3.8.6.
|
Non-portable Displays
|
64
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4
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Pico/Micro Projector Human Factors Analysis
|
66
|
4.1.
|
Mobile Projector Colorimetry
|
66
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4.1.1.
|
Wavelength Choice for LEDs
|
69
|
4.1.2.
|
Wavelength Choice for Lasers
|
73
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4.2.
|
Projector Luminance, Image Brightness, Image Size and Contrast
|
76
|
4.2.1.
|
Helmholtz-Kohlrausch Effect
|
83
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4.3.
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Resolution
|
85
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4.3.1.
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Text Legibility
|
87
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4.4.
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Pico/Micro Projector Laser Safety
|
91
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5
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Enabling Technology Analysis
|
97
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5.1.
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Valid Technology Combinations
|
97
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5.2.
|
Étendue and Power Limited Pico/Micro Projector Systems
|
99
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5.2.1.
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Étendue Limitations
|
100
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5.2.1.1.
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Technical Description
|
100
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5.2.2.
|
Power Limitations
|
104
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5.3.
|
Image Sources
|
105
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5.3.1.
|
Scanned Mirror Systems
|
110
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5.3.1.1.
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Single Scanning Mirror
|
111
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5.3.1.2.
|
Two Scanning Mirrors
|
112
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5.3.2.
|
Micromirror Arrays
|
114
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5.3.3.
|
LCoS CFA
|
116
|
5.3.4.
|
Color Sequential LCoS
|
117
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5.3.4.1.
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Micron
|
119
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5.3.4.2.
|
Syndiant
|
121
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5.3.4.3.
|
OmniVision (Formerly Aurora)
|
122
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5.3.4.4.
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Himax
|
123
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5.3.5.
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Other Approaches to Pico/Micro Projection
|
124
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5.3.5.1.
|
Light Blue Optics (Phase Modulation Projection)
|
124
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5.3.5.2.
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Display Photonics (Transmissive LCD)
|
128
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5.3.5.3.
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ImagineOptix Polarization Gratings
|
129
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5.4.
|
Illumination Sources for Pico- and Micro-Projectors
|
131
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5.4.1.
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Polarization and Collection Efficiency
|
131
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5.4.2.
|
RGB LED Illumination
|
134
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5.4.2.1.
|
Converted Green LEDs
|
137
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5.4.3.
|
White LED Illumination
|
137
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5.4.4.
|
Laser Illumination
|
141
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5.4.4.1.
|
Laser Speckle
|
145
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5.4.4.2.
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Focus-Free Projectors
|
147
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5.4.5.
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Hybrid Illumination Systems
|
148
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5.5.
|
Power for Mobile Projectors
|
150
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5.5.1.
|
General Power Requirements
|
150
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5.5.2.
|
Batteries for Mobile Projectors
|
151
|
5.6.
|
Picoprojector/Source Connectivity
|
152
|
5.6.1.
|
Internal Connections
|
152
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5.6.2.
|
Wired Connections
|
154
|
5.6.2.1.
|
USB
|
155
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5.6.2.2.
|
HDMI
|
158
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5.6.2.3.
|
DisplayPort
|
159
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5.6.2.4.
|
Wired Interfaces Summary
|
159
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5.6.3.
|
Wireless Connections
|
161
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5.6.3.1.
|
Wireless Connectivity to the Internet
|
161
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5.6.3.2.
|
5GHz Band
|
162
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5.6.3.3.
|
60GHz Band
|
165
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5.6.3.4.
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Proprietary Interfaces
|
169
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5.6.3.5.
|
Other Wireless Protocols
|
170
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5.6.3.6.
|
Wireless Connectivity Summary
|
171
|
5.7.
|
Pico/Micro Projector Manufacturing Issues
|
174
|
5.8.
|
Hybrid Projector Manufacturing Issues
|
181
|
6
|
Other Applications
|
184
|
6.1.
|
Retail Use
|
184
|
6.2.
|
Automotive
|
186
|
6.3.
|
Aviation
|
188
|
6.4.
|
Industrial
|
189
|
6.5.
|
Medical
|
191
|
6.6.
|
Other Potential Applications
|
192
|
Part 2: Microprojector Market Segment
|
194
|
|
7
|
Microprojector Competitive Analysis
|
194
|
7.1.
|
Technology for Microprojector Systems
|
194
|
7.2.
|
Evolution of Microprojector Modules
|
196
|
7.3.
|
Competitive Analysis of Microprojectors
|
198
|
7.3.1.
|
Example Microprojectors
|
199
|
7.3.2.
|
Competition with Other Systems
|
201
|
7.3.2.1.
|
Business Applications
|
202
|
7.3.2.2.
|
Consumer Applications
|
202
|
7.4.
|
End User Feedback and Use Models for Microprojectors
|
204
|
7.4.1.
|
Optoma ML-500 and Similar 500 Lumen Microprojectors
|
204
|
7.4.2.
|
BenQ Joybee GP1
|
206
|
7.4.3.
|
AAXA M2
|
207
|
7.4.4.
|
End-user Review Summary
|
209
|
7.5.
|
Trend Analysis
|
209
|
7.5.1.
|
Application Trend Factors
|
209
|
7.5.2.
|
Technical Trend Factors
|
210
|
7.5.3.
|
Details on Selected Trends
|
212
|
7.5.3.1.
|
Content Types
|
212
|
7.5.3.2.
|
Wider Content Availability
|
213
|
7.5.3.3.
|
Microprojector Connectivity
|
213
|
8
|
Forecasts
|
216
|
8.1.
|
Total Available Market Analysis
|
216
|
8.2.
|
Market Segmentation
|
217
|
8.3.
|
Penetration of Microprojectors into the Projector Market
|
220
|
8.4.
|
Existing Microprojector Market Analysis
|
222
|
8.4.1.
|
Home Projector Segment
|
222
|
8.4.2.
|
Corporate Projector Segment
|
226
|
8.5.
|
Microprojector Unit Forecasts
|
229
|
8.5.1.
|
Home Projector Segment
|
229
|
8.5.2.
|
Corporate Projector Segment
|
230
|
8.5.3.
|
Market Forecast Summary
|
231
|
8.6.
|
Microprojector Module and Projector Price Evolution
|
235
|
8.6.1.
|
Projector and module prices and price ranges
|
235
|
8.6.2.
|
Projector and Module Average Selling Prices (ASPs)
|
238
|
8.7.
|
Microprojector Revenue Forecasts
|
238
|
Table of Figures
|
||
Figure 1: Addressable Screen Sizes with an Off-White (0.8) Wall
|
15
|
|
Figure 2: Worldwide Microprojector Forecast
|
22
|
|
Figure 3: Microprojector Module Industry Revenue
|
23
|
|
Figure 4: Finished Microprojector Industry Revenue
|
24
|
|
Figure 5: Four Sample Picoprojectors from CES 2008
|
30
|
|
Figure 6: Five Sample Picoprojectors from CES 2009
|
31
|
|
Figure 7: Sample Pico & Micro Projectors from CES 2010
|
32
|
|
Figure 8: Sample Pico & Micro Projectors from CES 2011
|
33
|
|
Figure 9: Hybrid Projectors
|
34
|
|
Figure 10: Pico/Micro Projector Market Segments Expected Usage Profiles
|
40
|
|
Figure 11: Mainstream Projector for Under $400
|
55
|
|
Figure 12: Direct-View Displays In Competition with Pico & Micro Projectors
|
56
|
|
Figure 13: iPad Connected with a 3M Picoprojector
|
58
|
|
Figure 14: Amazon Kindle e-Book Readers
|
59
|
|
Figure 15: Qualcomm Mirasol 5.7″ display at CES 2011
|
60
|
|
Figure 16: Flexible OLEDs
|
60
|
|
Figure 17: Stretchable OLED from UCLA
|
61
|
|
Figure 18: Transflective Pixel Qi Display
|
62
|
|
Figure 19: Transflective Pixel Qi Display as an External Display Module
|
62
|
|
Figure 20: Example HMDs
|
64
|
|
Figure 21: Large Screen Displays at Lower Price Points than Projectors
|
65
|
|
Figure 22: Colorimetry of RGB LED and Laser Projectors
|
67
|
|
Figure 23: LED Optical Power Required as Red Wavelength Varies
|
71
|
|
Figure 24: LED Power Required as Green Wavelength Varies
|
72
|
|
Figure 25: LED Power Required as Blue Wavelength Varies
|
72
|
|
Figure 26: Laser Power Required as Red Wavelength Varies
|
74
|
|
Figure 27: Laser Power Required as Green Wavelength Varies
|
75
|
|
Figure 28: Laser Power Required as Blue Wavelength Varies
|
76
|
|
Figure 29: Addressable Screen Sizes with a High-gain (2.2) Screen (10:1 Contrast)
|
79
|
|
Figure 30: Addressable Screen Sizes with a Matte-White (1.0) Screen (10:1 Contrast)
|
80
|
|
Figure 31: Addressable Screen Sizes with an Off-White (0.8) Wall (10:1 Contrast)
|
80
|
|
Figure 32: Addressable Screen Sizes with a Darker (0.5) Wall (10:1 Contrast)
|
81
|
|
Figure 33: Addressable Screen Sizes with a High-gain (2.2) Screen (40:1 Contrast)
|
81
|
|
Figure 34: Addressable Screen Sizes with a Matte-White (1.0) Screen (40:1 Contrast)
|
82
|
|
Figure 35: Addressable Screen Sizes with an Off-White (0.8) Wall (40:1 Contrast)
|
82
|
|
Figure 36: Addressable Screen Sizes with a Darker (0.5) Wall (40:1 Contrast)
|
83
|
|
Figure 37: Brightness Enhancement of LED vs Lamp Projectors
|
84
|
|
Figure 38: Laser Safety Evaluation Geometry
|
92
|
|
Figure 39: Laser Safety Evaluations
|
94
|
|
Figure 40: Étendue Definition
|
101
|
|
Figure 41: Étendue with uniform cone angle
|
101
|
|
Figure 42: Étendue conservation with a simple lens
|
102
|
|
Figure 43: MicroVision Bi-axial Mirror Scanner
|
111
|
|
Figure 44: Two Scanning Mirror System from bTendo
|
112
|
|
Figure 45: Funai Picoprojector with Nippon Signal Module
|
113
|
|
Figure 46: Eco Scan Two-Mirror Pico Module from Nippon Signal
|
114
|
|
Figure 47: Members of the DLP Pico Family of Microdisplays
|
115
|
|
Figure 48: Himax CFA LCoS Design
|
116
|
|
Figure 49: Himax CFA LCoS Products
|
117
|
|
Figure 50: Pulse Width Modulation
|
118
|
|
Figure 51: Micron Imagers
|
121
|
|
Figure 52: Products in the Syndiant Suite at CES 2011
|
121
|
|
Figure 53: Syndiant Microdisplays
|
122
|
|
Figure 54: Himax Color Sequential LCoS Panels
|
123
|
|
Figure 55: Himax Color Sequential LCoS Designs
|
124
|
|
Figure 56: Layout of a Light Blue Optics Projector
|
126
|
|
Figure 57: Hologram, Subframe and Frame in a LBO Projector
|
127
|
|
Figure 58: LBO Demonstration Projectors
|
128
|
|
Figure 59: Transmissive LCD Panels for the Display Photonic Systems Architecture
|
128
|
|
Figure 60: Block Diagram of Display Photonic Systems Architecture
|
129
|
|
Figure 61: ImagineOptix PG-Based Pico Module
|
130
|
|
Figure 62: Polarization Recycling in the MM200 Module from 3M
|
132
|
|
Figure 63: LED Recycling from Wavien
|
133
|
|
Figure 64: LED Light Collection with a Color-combining Prism from Syndiant
|
134
|
|
Figure 65: LED combiner from Optoma PK-101
|
135
|
|
Figure 66: Two Channel illumination path
|
135
|
|
Figure 67: Typical Non-Linearities of LEDs
|
136
|
|
Figure 68: Phosphor vs Conventional Green LEDs from Osram
|
137
|
|
Figure 69: Spectra of the Osram Oslon LX Series
|
138
|
|
Figure 70: Citizen LEDs Compared to Other Lamp Types
|
139
|
|
Figure 71: White LED from 3M MPro 110 Picoprojector
|
140
|
|
Figure 72: Red Light Increased by Recycling
|
141
|
|
Figure 73: Efficiency of Blue, Green and Red Lasers
|
144
|
|
Figure 74: Pico/Micro Projectors With Direct Green Lasers
|
144
|
|
Figure 75: Laser Speckle Reduction with FLC Cell
|
146
|
|
Figure 76: Focus-Free Microdisplay-Based Laser Projector
|
148
|
|
Figure 77: Hybrid Illumination Systems From Casio
|
149
|
|
Figure 78: Block Diagram for a Himax Picoprojector Module
|
153
|
|
Figure 79: Pico/Micro Projectors with iPod Docks
|
154
|
|
Figure 80: PicoPix 1020 from Philips/Sagemcom
|
156
|
|
Figure 81: USB 2.0 A/B sockets
|
157
|
|
Figure 82: Video and Power via a USB 3.0 Connection
|
158
|
|
Figure 83: 3M MPro 180 Projector with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
|
162
|
|
Figure 84: Mobile Connectivity with WHDI and Amimon Low-Power Chips
|
163
|
|
Figure 85: ViewSonic Wi-Fi Connectivity
|
165
|
|
Figure 86: IBM’s Vision of a 60GHz Wireless Home Network
|
166
|
|
Figure 87: WirelessHD Wireless Video Area Network (“WVAN”) Example
|
168
|
|
Figure 88: Proposed Usage Models by the WiGig Alliance
|
169
|
|
Figure 89: Example Pico/Micro Projection Modules
|
176
|
|
Figure 90: Two Modules from Asia Optical
|
181
|
|
Figure 91: Light Blue Optics Projectors used at a Restaurant
|
185
|
|
Figure 92: BrightSign Digital Signage Display
|
185
|
|
Figure 93: HUDs Based on MicroVision PicoP Module at CES 2011
|
186
|
|
Figure 94: F-35 and Virtual HUD
|
188
|
|
Figure 95: Structured Light for 3D Contour Capture
|
190
|
|
Figure 96: Examples of Structured Light for 3D Contour Capture
|
191
|
|
Figure 97: VeinViewer from Christie Medical Holdings
|
192
|
|
Figure 98: Example Microprojectors
|
199
|
|
Figure 99: Are These Microprojectors or Picoprojectors?
|
201
|
|
Figure 100: Amazon Reviews of the Optoma ML-500
|
205
|
|
Figure 101: Amazon Reviews of the BenQ Joybee GP1
|
206
|
|
Figure 102: Amazon Reviews of the AAXA M2
|
207
|
|
Figure 103: Projector Market Development and Forecast
|
217
|
|
Figure 104: Projector Market Development and Forecast
|
219
|
|
Figure 105: Comparison of Market Segment Breakdown for Americas and the World
|
220
|
|
Figure 106: Projector Penetration Curve based on WXGA Market Introduction
|
221
|
|
Figure 107: Trial Microprojector Forecast Based on WXGA Market Penetration
|
221
|
|
Figure 108: Price Trend for Home Projector Market Segment in the Americas
|
224
|
|
Figure 109: Market Data of sub $1,000 Projectors in the Home Projector Market Segment
|
224
|
|
Figure 110: Brightness Trend in the Home Projector Market Segment in the Americas
|
225
|
|
Figure 111: Price Trend for Corporate Projector Market Segment in the Americas
|
226
|
|
Figure 112: Brightness Trend for Corporate Projector Market Segment in the Americas
|
227
|
|
Figure 113: Weight Trend for Corporate Projector Market Segment in the Americas
|
228
|
|
Figure 114: Microprojector Forecast for the Home Market
|
230
|
|
Figure 115: Microprojector Forecast for the Corporate Market
|
231
|
|
Figure 116: Worldwide Microprojector Forecast
|
232
|
|
Figure 117: Conservative Worldwide Microprojector Forecast
|
233
|
|
Figure 118: Expected Worldwide Microprojector Forecast
|
233
|
|
Figure 119: Optimistic Worldwide Microprojector Forecast
|
234
|
|
Figure 120: Microprojector Module Price Range
|
237
|
|
Figure 121: Microprojector Price Range
|
237
|
|
Figure 122: Microprojector Module Industry Revenue
|
239
|
|
Figure 123: Finished Microprojector Industry Revenue
|
239
|
|
Table of Tables
|
||
Table 1: Pico/Micro/Hybrid Projector Market Segments
|
12
|
|
Table 2: Technology Combinations for Pico/Micro/Hybrid projectors
|
17
|
|
Table 3: Microprojector Module Price and Performance Evolution
|
19
|
|
Table 4: Pico, Micro and Mainstream Projector Differentiators
|
28
|
|
Table 5: Projector Market Segments for Projectors with Solid State Illumination
|
38
|
|
Table 6: Pico/Micro Projector Market Segments Expected Usage Profiles
|
39
|
|
Table 7: Lumen Increases Through 2016 for Pico and Micro Projectors
|
41
|
|
Table 8: Roadmap of Events Expected to Affect Mobile Projector Sales
|
45
|
|
Table 9: Advantages/Disadvantages of Competitive Technologies vs. Micros/Picos
|
51
|
|
Table 10: Advantages/Disadvantages of Competitive Technologies vs Hybrids
|
52
|
|
Table 11: Specifications for the Vivitek Model D510
|
55
|
|
Table 12: Properties of Various Color Gamuts in Figure 22
|
68
|
|
Table 13: Optimum and Acceptable Peak LED Wavelengths for Displays
|
70
|
|
Table 14: Optimum and Acceptable Laser Wavelengths for Displays
|
73
|
|
Table 15: Luminance Limits of Projector Categories
|
76
|
|
Table 16: Illumination from Various Sources
|
78
|
|
Table 17: Resolution Requirements for Pico/Micro Projectors
|
85
|
|
Table 18: Minimum and Target Resolutions for Various Market Segments
|
86
|
|
Table 19: Text Character Counts for Various Display Resolutions
|
88
|
|
Table 20: Text Character Counts for Various Display Resolutions and Projector Lumens
|
90
|
|
Table 21: Technology Combinations for Picoprojectors and Microprojectors
|
98
|
|
Table 22: Example Étendues
|
103
|
|
Table 23: Comparison of Microdisplay/Scanning Device Suppliers
|
107
|
|
Table 24: Micron Microdisplay Specifications
|
120
|
|
Table 25: Syndiant Microdisplay Specifications
|
122
|
|
Table 26: Himax CS Microdisplay Specifications
|
123
|
|
Table 27: Laser Category Definitions
|
141
|
|
Table 28: Availability of Different Laser Categories
|
142
|
|
Table 29: Laser Wall Plug Efficiency
|
142
|
|
Table 30: Approaches to Speckle Reduction
|
145
|
|
Table 31: Picoprojector Power Consumption Categories
|
150
|
|
Table 32: Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Wired Formats
|
159
|
|
Table 33: 60MHz Bandwidth Allocation
|
166
|
|
Table 34: Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Wireless Formats
|
171
|
|
Table 35: Pico/Micro Projector Module Components
|
174
|
|
Table 36: Pico/Micro Projector Module Manufacturers
|
177
|
|
Table 37: Factors Affecting the Design of Hybrid Projectors
|
182
|
|
Table 38: Use of Technology in Microprojectors
|
195
|
|
Table 39: Consumer Microprojector Module Evolution (Cost Optimized)
|
197
|
|
Table 40: Business/Home Theater Microprojector Module Evolution (Performance Optimized)
|
198
|
|
Table 41: Advantages/Disadvantages of Competitive Technology in the Business Market
|
202
|
|
Table 42: Advantages/Disadvantages of Competitive Technology in the Consumer Market
|
203
|
|
Table 43: Use Models for the Optoma ML-500
|
205
|
|
Table 44: Application Trend Factors for Microprojectors
|
210
|
|
Table 45: Technology & Application Trend Factors for Stand-alone Picoprojectors
|
211
|
|
Table 46: Microprojector Content Types
|
212
|
|
Table 47: Microprojector Interface Types & Sources
|
214
|
|
Table 48: Breakdown of Market Segments by Application
|
218
|
|
Table 49: Breakdown of Corporate Market Segments
|
229
|
|
Table 50: Module and Projector Prices used in the Revenue Forecasts
|
236
|
|
Table 51: ASPs for Modules and Projectors in Home and Corporate Markets
|
238
|